BARPO SHUDANI SOHTI SHURAVI DAR TOJIKISTON

Mavchi inkilobii Russiya dar yak muddati kutokh dar tamomi mustamliqakhoi sobiki imperiyai Rossiya pakhn gardid. Bolshevikon tavonistand, ki kharakati proletariatro baroi sotsializm, kharakati dekhkoniro baroi zamin, kharakati umumidemokratiro baroi sulkh va kharakati milli-ozodikhokhii khalkkhoi mazlumro ba quvvai buzurg mutakhid namuda, ba yak charayoni umumi ravona namoyand. Az in sabab khalqkhoi Osiyoi Miyona, ki yake az mustamlikakhoi kanorii imperiyai Russiya budand, dar kanor namondand.
Dar Osiyoi Miyona avvalin muborizakhoi inkilobi dar shakhri Toshkand sar shudand. 28- avgust sovetkhoi Toshkand ba korgaron va askarkhoi inkilobi takya namuda, shurish bardoshtand. SHurishgaron dar digar shakhru navokhikhoi Osiyoi Miyona dastgiri karda meshudand. Masalan, soldatkhoi rukhiyai inkilobidoshtai Uroteppa izkhor kardand, ki ba yorii Toshkandikho meravand. Dar nuktai rokhi okhani Huchand, Dragomirov, Pridonov komitethoi inkilobi (revkom) tashkil yofta, nazoratro az boloi harakati katoraho ba dasti khud giriftand. Onho imkoniyat nadodand, ki ba Toshkand az digar shahrho kuvvahoi aksulinkilobi biyoyand. Dar naticha 1- noyabri soli 1917 sovethoi Toshkand dar borai galabai shurishi yaroknok va ba dast giriftani hokimiyat khabar dodand.
Habari voqeahoi Toshkand dar tamomi kishvari Turkiston ba zudi pahn gardid. Dar navbati avval dar mahalhoe, ki sinfi korgar mavchud bud, muboriza sar shud. SHurohoi deputathoi korgaroni konhoi angishti Sulukta, SHurob va havzai nefti «Santo» bo yakchoyagii komitethoi inkilobi korkhonaho muborizai revolyusioneriro ba dasti khud giriftand.
11-noyabr sovethoi korgaron va askarhoi shahri Huchand dar borai ba dast giriftani hokimiyat karor kabul namudand.
15-noyabri soli 1917 dar Toshkand anchumani III kishvari Turkiston davat karda shud. Anchuman tashkilyobii hokimiyati SHuraviro dar kishvar elon karda, hukumati SHuravi va SHuroi Komissaroni khalkii Turkistonro intikhob namud.
Az sababi on, ki nohiyahoi imruzai SHimolii Tochikiston dar bayni viloyathoi Farona va Samarkand taqsim shuda budand, muboriza baroi Hokimiyati SHuravi dar Tochikistoni SHimoli az tanosubi kuvvahoi inkilobi va aksulinqilobii in viloyatho vobasta bud. Dar Samarqand kuvvahoi aksulinkilobi shiori «Tamomi hokimiyat ba machlisi muassison»-ro ba miyon guzoshta, mekhostand peshi rohi inkilobro girand. Lekin in muyassar nashud. Mohi dekabri soli 1917 anchumani viloyati Samarkand dar borai ba dast giriftani hokimiyat karor kabul namuda, Komissariati Kishvari Turkistonro ba rasmiyat shinokht. Qarori anch, umani sovethoi viloyati imkoniyat dod, ki dar Falgar va Panchakent hokimiyati SHuravi barpo gardad.
Anchani sovethoi viloyati Fargona niz dar borai tashkil yoftani hokimiyati SHuravi dar viloyat qaror kabul namud. Lekin kuvvahoi aksulinkilobi mukobiliyati sakht nishon medodand. Okhirhoi mohi noyabri soli 1917 millatchiyoni burjuazi va doirahoi feodalii Osiyoi Miyona va Kokiston dar Quqand bo nom ba anchumani musulmononi kishvar cham omadand. Onho az deklarasiyai qabul kardai hokimiyati SHuravi dar borai «Hukuqi khudmuayyankunii millatho» istifoda burda, ba dastgirii kuvvahoi beruna Turkistonro davlati avtonomii bo nomi Mukhtoriyai Quqand elon kardand. Dar Quqand kuvvai ziyodi aksulinkilobi cham omada baroi hokimiyati SHuravi dar nohiyahoi SHimoli Tochikiston khavfi chiddi tahdid mekard. Nohiyahoi Konibodom va Isfara dar zeri tasiri Avtonomiyai Quqand mondand. Hukumati Turkiston ba kuvvahoi inkilobi takya namuda, baroi bartaraf namudani khavfi ba amal omada chorahoi chiddi did.
21-22 fevrali soli 1918 dastahoi harbii surkh ba Quqand firistoda shudand. Dar muborizai avtonomistho aholii nohiyahoi girdu atrof shirkat kardand. Bo kuvvai umumi dastahoi harbii Avtonomiya shikast doda shuda, dar Konibodom va Isfara hokimiyati SHuravi az nav barqaror karda shud.
Bolshevikon ba maqsadi ba hukumati Turkiston bakhshidani ruhi baynalmillali namoyandagoni shuroi deputathoi musulmonro ba hayati hukumati shuravii Turkiston chalb namudand.
Dar Uroteppa mohi fevrali soli 1918 guruhi amaldoroni hukumati podshohi va harbiyoni rus bo bahonai himoyai aholii ruszabon tashkiloti khudro bo nomi Drujinai khalki rus tasis dodand. Onho shuroi Urotepparo bekor elon karda, ba drujina shakli hokimiyat dodand.
Mohi mayi soli 1918 hizbi korgaron va dehqononi musulmon tasis yoft, ki ba markazi muborizai ziddi drujinachiyon tabdil yoft. Onho dar bayni khalk korhoi tashviqoti burda mardumro ba muborizai ziddi
drujinachiyon davat kardand. Baroi yori ba mehnatkashoni Uroteppa bo karori SHuroi Huchand dastahoi harbi firistoda shudand. 8-umi iyuli soli 1918 SHuroi deputathoi korgaron, askaron va dekhdononi Uroteppa hokimiyatro ba dasti khud giriftand.
Dar barobari nokhihoi shimolii Tochikiston, dar Pomir, ki bevosita ba Turkiston dokhil meshud, baroi hokimiyati SHuravi muboriza sar shud.
Dar Pomir muborizai inkilobi dar sharoiti dushvor meguzasht. Dar incho sinfi korgar nabud, kuvvahoi asosii inkilobiro askarho va afsaroni ruhiyai inkilobi doshtai rus tashkil medodand. Inchunin sar shudani changi shahrvandi dar nokhihoi markazi muborizai inkilobiro dar Pomir dushvor gardondand.
Qismi afsaroni rus bo sardorii polkovnik Fenin kushish namudand, ki peshi digargunsozihoi inkilobiro dar Pomir boz dorad. Lekin dar zeri tasiri digargunihoi inkilobii markaz, mehnatkashoni in sarzamini kukhiston ba harakati faol daromadand.
Bahori soli 1918 dekhdononi nokhiyai Rushon ba shurish barkhestand. Faol shudani muborizai inkilobi aksulinkilobiyonro bo sarvarii Fenin machbur kardand, ki noyabri soli 1918 ba Hinduston gurezad. Dar okhiri soli 1918 dar Pomir Komiteti inkilobi bo rohbarii D.Volokin tashkil doda shud. Ba hayati on dar barobari askarhoi inkilobii dar Pomir budai rus inchunin namoyandagoni aholii mahali dokhil meshudand. Badtar ba Pomir komissiyai harbi-siyosi bo rohbarii A.Holmakov firistoda shud, ki az mokhi fevrali soli 1919 ba faoliyat sar kard.