DINHOI CHINI VA OSIYOI SHARQI

Muhaqiqoni dinhoi CHin (Hitoy) va Osiyoi SHarqi ba in aqidaand, ki tafakkuri mazhabii mardumi in mintaqa bo tafakkuri mazhabii khalqhoi hinduoriyoi tafovuti jiddi dorad. Hindi tabiatro sarobe, vahmu khayole mehisobad, dar hole, ki mardumi CHinu Jopon ba chehrai tabiat chun voqeiyat bo zavqu mehr menigarand va aloqa ba jahonu dilbastagi ba hayoti dunyavi dorand.

Vale bo vujudi in tafovutho, dar yak qator masoili diniyu falsafi oinhoi chini niz bo digar adyon, az jumla bo dinhoi hindu eroni, umumiyat dorand. CHiniyon va khalqhoi SHarqi Dur niz misli tamomi insoniyat yak davrai tulonii tahavvuli mazhabiro pushti sar kardaand.

Tamadduni CHini qadimro ba chahor davra taqsim kardaand: davrai «CHu», ki az 1122 to 205 t.m. va davrai «Hon» az 206 t.m.to 221 m. Dar in davra talimoti Konfutsi resha girifta va dini buddoi ba CHin rakhna kard. Davrai seyum «Tang», ki az soli 618 to 907m. va davrai chorum davrai «Sung» az 970-1280 m. davom yoftaast.

Davrai nakhust davrai SHan-IN nomida shudaast. Tamadduni IN dar nimai hazorai II t. m. dar havzai Huankhe ba vujud meoyad. Misli bisyore az khalqhoi bostoni chiniyon dar in davra etiqodi bisyorkhudoi doshtaand va chandin guruh (anjuman)-i khudoyonro parastish va ba sharafi onho qurbonihoi khunin va hatto insonro nisor mekardaand. Ohista-ohista az miyoni in khudoyon yak khudo bo nomi SHan-di ba maqomi volovu oli mebaroyad. «Di» dar avval ba manii qurbon buda, batar chun khudoe, ki ba u qurboni meorand tahavvul kardaast va dar zamoni hokimiyati sulolai nomburdai SHan-In ba on «SHan» (SHan-di) ilova meshavad. Dar simoi SHan-di- chiniyon ham khudoi buzurg va ham nakhust ajdodi odamiyonro medidand.

Dar tahavvuli tasavvuroti dinii chiniyon mo namunahoi qarobat bo tasavvurotit dinhoi bostonii tozardushti va badizardushtii tojikon oid ba nur va zulmatro dorem. Ramz va yo simbuli dinii mardumi CHin tanosubi «doirai Inva YAn» meboshad. In doira ba du qismati vergulshukli siyohu safed, ki har kadom dar khud nuqtae az bolo ba rangi muqobil dorad, tasvir shudaast. Qismati siyohi onro in va duvumin safedro yan tashkil mekunad. Nuqtai safed dar in manii onro dorad, ki dar olami zulmat nutfai nur vujud dorad va baraks dar olami nur niz nutfai zulmat hast. In ramzi zulmat, toriki, rutubat va bunyodi zanonai gayri faol va ammo YAn -ramzi nuru rushnoi, khushki, bunyodi mardonai faol ast.

dar hududi barham zada meshavad. Dar davrai hokimiyati CHjoi, ki az soli 1027 t. m. ogoz gardid khudoi buzurg Osmon (Tyan batar Tyan-min) shinokhta meshavad va hokimonu shohoni chini laqabi «Pisari Osmon» («Tyan-tsizi»)-ro megirand. Hudoi Osmon (Tyan) dori hama sifote meboshad, ki dar dinhoi somi ba khudo nisbat dodaand.

Marosimho. Az marosimhoi muhimmi mazhabii in davra folbini, qurboni kardan ba ruhi niyogon budaast. In marosim hatto ahamiyati siyosiyu davlati kasb karda bud.