Toj.su
Nimjazirae ba shakli yak poi muza dar janubi Avrupo, dar garbi nimjazirai Balkan qaror dorad, ki onro Apennin va kishvare, ki dar on joygir shudaast holo bo nomi Itoliyo maruf ast. YUnoniyon dar guzashta, vaqto ki ba yak qismati khurdi janubii in nimjazira, ki sarzamini sarsabzu serchorvo bud, shinos shudand, az tahayyur dar muqoisa bo sarzamini kamalafi khud, in nomro ba in nohiya guzoshtand, ki maniash «mamlakati gusolaho» meboshad. Badan dar hududi asri avvali melodi in nom ba tamomi nimjazira taalluq girift.
Ammo nomi Rum dar ibtido ( va imruz niz) nomi shahrest, ki dar haft teppai sohili poyonobi daryoi Tibr dar asri VIII t.m. ba vujud omada bud. Dar yake az teppahoi rost baromada qalai shahr Kapitoliy bunyod shuda bud, dar hangomi hujumi dushmanon mardum dar pushti devorhoi on panoh meyoftand. Badho dar asri avvali melodi tamomi kishvar Rum va har shahrvandi on dar kujoe tavallud nashavad, rumi nomida meshud. Aholii in shahrro lotinhoi patrisiy tashkil mekardand, batadrij dar atrofi shahr az joyhoi digar odamon omada joygir shudand, ki onhoro plebeyho nomidand.
Nimjazirai Itoliyo niz dar nimai hazorai duyumi pesh az milod, chun nimjazirai YUnon mavridi hujumi qabilahoi oriyoni, makhsusan seltho qaror megirad. Onho bumiyoni in sarzaminro tang namuda, poydevori tamadduni jadidro dar on sarzamin merezand. On qaboili oriyoi, ki nimjazirai Itoliyoro tasarruf namudand, lotin nom doshtand. Hamin lotinho dar asri VI qabl az milod bayni du quvvai muhojim: atruskanho az shimol va yunoniho az janub qaror giriftand. Tahavvuli dini rumi dar tasiri mutaqobilai in se toifa surat megirad. Sarchashmahoi dini rumiyoni qadim hamon ast, ki dar dini yunoniyon zikr namudem. Dini rumiyoni boston niz dini milliyu davlati va etiqodotashon bisyorkhudoii navi oriyoni budaast.
Qadimtarin etiqodhoi mazhabii onho iborat az yak rishta bovarihoi omekhta ba khurofot, sehru sohiri, folbini afsunho budaast. Onho baroi arvoh va khudoyoni khud hej shaklu shamoil, robitahoi oilavi va gayra qoil nabudaand.
Kulliyai tasavvurothoi dinii rumyonro ba se: oinhoi khonavodagi, sahroi (kishovarzi) va dinu mazhabi davlati taqsim kardan mumkin ast. Dar keshu oini sahroi bovari ba arvohi kishtu donposhi Saturn, ba ruhi nashunamoi galla va sabzishi tukhmi – Seres, ruhi darav – Konus va gayra. umuman har yak amali marbut ba ziroatkori va hayoti dehqoni arvohu khudoi khudro doshtand.
Hamchunin dar khona va khonavoda niz rumiyon ba yak silsila arvoh, masalan, ba arvohi daru darvoza Jonus[1], khudoi otashdon va otash Vesto va arvohi hofizu nigohboni anbori ozuqa Penotho bovariyu ehtirom doshtaand.
[1] Dar ogozu shuru ba har kope az u barakat mekhostand, soati avvali ruz makhsusi zikri u bud, va avvalin ruzi har moh makhsusi idi u va mohi avvali har sol ba nomi u ikhtisor doshta va kalimai janviya (YAnvar), ki mohi avvali soli avrupoihost, az nomi in khudo girifta shudaast.
