ISHTIROKI MEHNATKASHONI TOJIKISTONI SHIMOLL DAR INSILOBI SOLHOI 1905-1907

Inqilobi yakumi rus soli 1905-1907 az jihati kharakteri khud inqilobi burjuazi – demokrati bud. Harakteri har yak inqilobi ichtimoi az jihati vazifahoi on muayyan karda meshavad. Inqilobi solhoi 1905-1907, inqilobi ziddi tartiboti pomeshiki – feodali bud. Az in ru, inqilob kharakteri burjuazi dosht. Zero sarnagun namudani mutlaqiyati podshohi va tartiboti feodali vazifai bevositai inkilobi burjuazi ast.
Inkilobi yakumi rus khususiyati khos dosht. Burjuaziyai rus umuman dar inkilob ishtirok nadosht. CHunki burjuaziyai rus, az jihati siyosi va iqtisodi, dar mamlakat mavqei ustuvor dosht. Manfiathoi burjuaziya ba manfiathoi mutlakiyat va sinfi pomeshiki-feodali yak bud. Az in chihat burjuaziya az inkilob manfiatdor nabud.
Az in ru, inkilob kharakteri demokrati girift. Quvvahoi peshbarandai inkilob sinfi korgar va dekhdononi Rossiya budand. Dar sari inkilob sinfi korgar meistod. Bo barobari galabai inkilob dar mamlakat meboist tartiboti demokrati barkaror karda meshud. Ishtiroki tabaqai mekhnatkash ba inkilob kharakteri demokrati dod.
Inkilobi yakumi rus ba khalkdoi Osiyoi Miyona tasiri kalon rasond. Sadho million aholii az aflati asrimiyonagi bedor shuda, baroi hayoti nav va huquqhoi odditarini inson ba muboriza barkhostand.
Dar arafai inkilobi solhoi 1905-1907 dar Turkiston 14,5 hazor nafar korgaroni fabriki-zavodi, 2 hazor korgaroni sanoati kukhi va 15 hazor nafar korgaroni rokhi ohan kor mekardand. Proletariati milli nisbatan kamshumor bud. Dar safi peshi harakati revolyutsioni sinfi korgaroni rus meistodand, ki dar shakhrhoi kaloni Turkiston cham shuda budand.
Proletariati rus dar Turkiston dar tashkilothoi sosial-demokrati muttakhid shuda budand. In tashkilotho matbaai khud «Rabochiy», «Russkiy Turkistan» va «Samarkand» – ro doshtand.
Inchunin, dar shahrhoi Turkiston matbuoti bolsheviki «Iskra», «Proletariy», «Vperyod», «Novaya jizn» va
ayraho dar bayni aholi pahn karda shudand. Matbuoti inkilobi dar mustakhkm gashtani guruhhoi sotsial- demokrati va oyahoi siyosii onho sahmi kalon bozid.
To soli 1905 dar yak qator shakhrhoi tochiknishin ham tashkilothoi sotsial- demokrati tashkil yoftand. Korhoi tashviqoti-targibotie, ki tashkilothoi sotsial-demokrati meburdand, proletariati mahalliro ba rokhi siyosi rokhnamoi
karda, korgaronro ba muboriza chalb menamudand. Korgaroni boshuuri mahali ba tashkiloti bolsheviki dokhil meshudand. Dar tashkil namudani guruhhoi sotsial-demokrati va az jihati oyavi-siyosi mustakhkam namudani onho
revolyutsioneron Feofanov, Bakharev, Kornyushin, Morozov va digaron sakhmi kalon bozidand.
Hamai in ba on ovarda rasond, ki inkilobi solhoi 19051907 az ruzhoi avvali sarshaviash tavajchuhi mekhnatkashoni Osiyoi Miyona, az chumla, aholii Tochikistonro ba khud chalb namud.
Dar Tochikistoni SHimoli baromadhoi ziddipodshokhii dekhdonon mushohida karda meshud. Dekhdonon az dodani andozho sarkashi karda, ba zamini boyho khuchum mekardand, changalhoro meburidand va inshoothoi obyorikuniro vayron mekardand. Dekhdonon bazan yaroknok shuda, ba kashida giriftani zaminhoi davlati va boyho shuru karda budand. Hukumat ishtirokchiyoni baromadhoi dekhdononro parokanda karda, ba onho chazo medod.
Mokhi iyuni soli 1905 dar Toshkand va Ashqobod shurishho sar zada, 4- iyul dar bisyor shahrhoi Osiyoi Miyona namoishhoi siyosi ba amal omada budand. Dar nimai duyumi mokhi iyul va makhsusan, mokhi oktyabr – noyabri soli 1905 namoish va baromadhoi ommavii korgaroni sohahoi gunogun shuda guzashtand.
18-0ktyabri soli 1905 dar Toshkand zeri shiorhoi «Nest bod mutlakiya», «Nest bod kapitalizm» korgaron ba namoish baromada, bar ziddi manifesti 17-umi oktyabr etiroz bayon kardand. Namoish parokanda karda shud. Binobar in, 21-umi oktyabr korgaron dar chavobi tirboronkunii khukumat namoishi etirozi guzaronidand. 16 noyabr dar qalai Toshkand shurishi askarho sar zad. SHurishchiyon bo ofitseron talabho guzoshtand va umedvor budand, ki shurish dar bayni tabaqahoi digari mekhnatkash tarafdoron paydo mekunad. SHurish bo yorii kuvvai harbi pakhsh karda shud.
Hangomi shurishi yaroknoki dekabrii Moskva 25-27 dekabri soli 1905 dar Huchnd shurishi rotai pontoni shuda guzasht. Ba shurish guruhi sotsial-demokratho rohbari mekard. Askarho ofitseroni rutbai khurd doshtaro chazo doda, dar nazdi ofitseroni rutbai kalon masala guzoshtand, ki holati tibbii kism va sifati khurdu khuroki askarho behtar karda shavad. SHurish pakhsh karda shud. Rohbaroni shurish ba habs girifta shuda, badara karda shudand.
Dar soli 1906 baromadhoi inkilobi va harakathoi dekhdoni dar aksari nohiyahoi Tochikiston SHimoli mushokhida shuda budand. Dar bayni aholii nohiyahoi Uroteppa, Huchand davatnomahoi inkilobi pahn
megardidand.
9-yanvari soli 1906 dar Uroteppa davatnomai inkilobi chop shuda bud. Dar in davatnoma mehnatkashonro bo farorasii soli nav tabrik namuda, dar soli nav tamomi kuvvahoi boshuurro bo muttakhidi va muborizai nav davat mekardand. (Istoriya Tadjikskogo naroda.-T. 2.- S. 219-220).
CHop shudani _ chunin davatnomaho az on shahodat medodand, ki dar Uroteppa va shakhrhoi digar tashkilothoi pinhonkorii inkilobi amal mekardand.
Dar soli 1906 dar aksariyati viloyathoi Tochikistoni SHimoli baromadhoi dekhdonon ba amal omada budand. Masalan, 29-mart dekhdononi dehai CHorkuhi Isfara
yordamchii sardori uezdi Kundro pesh karda, halli
masalai obro ba dasti khud giriftand. Badtar, az chumla, dar soli 1907 dekhdonon dar baze mahalho zamini boyonro kashida megiriftand. Baromadhoi sershumori devdonon dar zeri tasiri harakati inkilobi Rossiya meguzasht. Lekin darachai susti taravdiyoti iqtisodi, kamshumor budani proletariati milli, nabudani aloqa dar bayni korgaron va dekhdonon, sust budani tasiri tashkilothoi inkilobi ba harakathoi dekhdoni ba on ovarda rasondand, ki shurishho kharakteri nomutashakkilona doshta az tarafi kuvvahoi khukumati pakhsh karda meshudand.