Mufsidoti ruza

Hamon tavre ki guftem, ruzador boyad az damidani subkhi sodik to
gurubi oftob az baze korho khuddory namoyad va agar yake az onhoro an-
jom dihad, ruzaash fosid meshavad. Majmuai in korhoro mufsidoti
ruza menomand.
Baze «mufsidoti ruza» chunon hastand, ki bo sodir kardani onho
boyad ham kazoi onro ba jo ovarad va ham kafforat bar u vojib me-
gardad va onho iboratand az:
1. CHimo (alokai jinsy) kardan.
2. Kasdan khurdan yo oshomidan.
Quroni karim tanho hamin se korro mufsidi ruza donista, shakh-
si ruzadorro az anjomi onho ruzona dar mokhi Ramazon nakhy namudast,
on jo ki mefarmoyad:
«… Aknun ba onkho (dar shabkhoi mokhi Ramazon) nazdiky va muoshi-
rati jinsi namoed va az in kor khamon chizero bijued, ki Hudo baroyaton
navishtaast va to zamone bikhured va binushed, ki rishtai safedi subkh,
baroyaton az rishtai siyokh, (-i shab) malum gardad, on gokh, ruzaro to shab
ba itmom rasoned».
Binobar in, kase yake az se korero, ki dar oyat zikr gardida va mufsi-
di ruza donista shudaand, ruzona dar mokhi Ramazon anjom dihad, ruzaash
fosid megardad va bar vay ham kazo va ham kafforat vojib meshavad. 
Var ba kasd ast khurdanu korat,
Lozim oyad kazovu kafforat.
Dar digar mavridhoi «mufsidoti ruza» tanho kazoi on bar shakhs vo-
jib megardad va kafforate nadorad. In mufsidoti ruza iboratand az:
1. Bo busa zadan va yo lams kardan (molidan) inzol (baromadani
many) shavad.
2. Sangreza yo ohan yo chizhoe, ki mamulan khurda nameshavand va yo
donai mevaero bibalad, yane furu barad.
Gar khury onchy z-u gizo nabuvad,
Bar tu lozim ba juz kazo nabuvad.
Hamchu sangu kulukhu ohanu ruy,
Nabuvad zin kabil gili sarshuy.171
3. Dar gayri farj ba tariki tafkhiz, tabtin va gayra jimo kunad
va inzol shavad.
4. Ba biny va yo gushi khud davo bichakonad.
5. Davoe ba dimogash birasad.
6. Ba gumoni in, ki subkh, hanuz nadamidaast, saharikhury namoyad va
bad malum shavad, ki gumonash durust nabudaast.
7. Ba gumoni in, ki oftob gurub kardaast, iftor namoyad va bad
oshkor gardad, ki gumonash khato budaast. Az Asmo dukhtari Abubakr (r)
rivoyat shudaast, ki: «Dar zamoni Payombar (s)(dar mohi Ramazon) dar
rovii g1SH0m١^١ oh oftob baromad. Az؛؛ ^ ruzi abrae iftor
hadgss aursida shud, ka: Oyo ba on ruz amr shudand? Guft: (Hat-
172 «o zarury as^tg؛؛man), ;a
8. Gubore va yo sharotero kasdan ba halqash furu barad.
9. Bo dahoni pur kay namoyad.
10. Ijboran bikhurad va yo biyoshomad, yane ba tavri majbury khu-
ronida shavad.
11. Bo dast va yo chize istimno kunad.
12. Kandan va yo doru kardani dandon dar ruzhoi mokhi Ramazon
dar zarurat choiz meboshad, vale be zarurat karokhiyat dorad. Dorue, ki
baroi kandan va yo taskini dard ba dandon mekunad va hamchunin khune,
ki bo kandani dandon berun meoyad, vakte bo obi dahon barobar boshad
va yo az obi dahon beshtar buda, bar on olib boshad, agar ba halqash
furu ravad va ba shikamash birasad, ruzaashro fosid megardonad.
171 Gili sarshuy nave gili safed ast, ki az guruhi gilhoi kaoliny buda, qobili-
yati ziyodi chabandagy va charbizudoy dorad. Dar guzashta onro dar garmobaho ba sura-
ti gilpora va yo mahlul namuda, baroi shustushui saru badan ba kor meburdand. Ba on
gili khushbuy va gili hammom niz guyand. Harchand on mavodi gizoy ba shumor namera-
vad, vale az tanovuli on nave bolandagy va tagziya hosil meshavad va bo furu bur-
dani on dar vaqti ruza qazo va kafforat har du lozim meoyad.
172 Sahehi Bukhory, 1959. Sunani Abudovud, 2359. 
Hamchunin, agar barobari va yo galabai onro nafahmad, vale mazzaash-
ro his namoyad, bo furu raftani on ba halqash ruzaash fosid megardad
va bar vay qazoi on ruz vojib meboshad. Hudi on ruz niz boyad az khur-
danu nushidan va digar mamnuoti ruza khuddori namoyad.
Dar gayri holathoi nomburda baroi ruza hej boke nadorad. Dar
holathoi bolo niz agar doruoba va khunobai ba halqash furu rafta ba
andozae kam boshad, ki ba ehtimoli ziyod ba shikamash namerasad, ruza-
ash zarare namebinad. YO shakhsi ruzador dar holate qaror doshta bo-
shad, ki az furu raftani on ba halqash peshgiri karda natavonad, in
hukmi on qayero dorad, ki khud ba khud va be ikhtiyori shakhsi ruzador ba
halqash raftaast.
13. Guzoshtani doru va molidani marham (maz) bar zakhme, ki ba
dimog (magzi sar) va yo ba meda rasida boshad, ruzaro meshikanad. Zakhm-
hoe, ki dar sar ba magzi sar rasida boshand, onhoro dar istilohi fa-
qehon omma va zakhmhoe, ki dar shikam ba meda rasida boshand, joifa
meguyand.173 Vale zakhmhoe, ki dar sar va shikam naboshand va yo agar
boshand ham, chunin amiq (juqur) naboshand, bo guzoshtani doru va ta-
bobat kardani onho ruza nameshikanad.
Hamchunin guzaronidani baze amaliyothoi tibbi, vaqte bevosita
ba dimog (magzi sar) va meda saru kor nadoshta boshand va tasiri
bevositai doruhoi istifodashuda ba onho narasad, hej guna naqsi
sharie ba ruza vorid namesozad.
14. Ruzaro tamoman nagiriftan gunohi kabira ba shumor meravad,
zero shakhs dar in surat yake az farzhoi Hudoro tark namudaast va bar
vay qazo vojib megardad, na kafforat. Zero kafforat, chi tavre zikr
gardid, baroi qasdan vayron namudani ruzai mohi Ramazon bo hambi-
stari va khurdanu nushidan peshbini shudaast.