Tamoyuli inkishofi tekhnologiya va tasnifi on

Marhilai muosiri rushdi innovatsioni bo inqilobi tekhnologI tavsif doda meshavad, ki bo guzarishi korkardi bartaridoshtai mekhanikii predmethoi mehnat ba istifodai kompleksii shaklhoi murakkabi harakati materiya, makhsusan ravandhoi fiziki, khimiyavi, va biologi aloqmand ast.

Tekhnologiya na tanho tartibi ijroishi amaliyot, balki intikhobi predmethoi mehnat, vositai tasirrasonI ba onho, mujahazgardonii istehsolot bo tajhizot, vositahoi yorirason, olotho, vositahoi nazorat, usulhoi omezishi unsurhoi shakhsI va moddii istehsolotro dar vaqt va fazo, tarkibi mehnat va munosibati istehsolot ba vositahoi asosiro dar bar megirad.

Binobar in azkhudkunii tekhnologiyahoi nav hamzamon ham natija va ham zamina baroi istifodai samaranoki vositaho va predmethoi navi mehnatI meboshad. In tamoyuli inkishofi tekhnologiyai navro chunin boyad sharh dod.

YAkum, sukhan dar borai guzarish az jarayonhoi bisyoramaliyotii tanaffusdor (diskretI), ki tanho ba samti beshtar qismatkunii  amaliyotho  inkishof meyoband va ba ravanhoi istehsolii maydaamaliyoti merasonad.

Duvvum, korkardi mekhanikii predmeti mehnat bo amaliyothoi betanaffus joy ivaz mekunad: korkardi vibratsioni, metalurgiyai khokavi (poroshkoviy), shaklivazkunii daqiqi plastiki, gudozishi daqiq az rui tarhi gudokhtashvanda, tamgaguzori (shtampovka) va gayra.

Seyum, guzarish az tarhhoi pushidai tekhnologi ba korkardi purrai nimsokhtho (tekhnologiyai bepartov) ogoz meyobad.

CHorum, dar tekhnologiya beshtar sharoithoi ekstrimali istifoda meshavand: harorat va fishori nihoyat past va nihoyat baland, vakuumi chuqur, usulhoi impulsi-tarkishi, shuoafkanii yaderi va gayraho. Istifodai tekhnologiyahoi plazmavi baroi istehsoli mahsuloti nav, tagyir dodani tarkib va khususiyati onho va gayra.

Panjum, tekhnologiyai nav, odatan na tanho bo istifodai quvvai barq, hamchun quvvai harakatdihanda aloqamand ast, balki baroi korkardi bevositai predmethoi mehnat: quvvahoi balandshiddati elektrokhimiyavi, elektrofiziki (lazeri, shuoafkanishhoi elektriki, elektroimpulsi, rasishhoi elektriki) niz aloqamand ast. Tekhnologiyahoi lazeri boshad baroi vaslkuni, buridan, garmi dodan, mustahkamkunii detalho, mahkam kardani surokhiho, nazorati berasish istifoda karda meshavad.

SHashum, baroi tekhnologiyahoi navtarin, universaliyati baland khos buda, on ba guzarish az moshinhoi gunoguni datgohhoi harakatdihandai mekhaniki doshta ba tajhizothoi universali va istifodai quvvai barq ba sifati vositai universali dar korkardi masolehho aloqamand ast.

Haftum, tekhnologiyahoi nav aksaran khislati baynisohavi dorand. Masalan, ham dar metallurgiya va ham dar moshinsozi shaklivazkunii plastiki, shtampovkai sakhti shesternaho, tirho, val, va gayraho istifoda karda meshavand.

Tekhnologiyai nav nisbat ba dastgoh va mahsulot progressivi buda, solhoi tuloni istifoda karda meshavand. Binobar in sarmoyaguzori ba onho tez khudkharid karda meshavad. Tasnifi tekhnologiyaho odatan ba yak chand alomatho asos yoftaast.

Az rui alomati sohai istifodai tekhnologiyaho namudhoi tekhnologiyahoi ilm va maorif, informatika, sanoat, bakhshi khizmatrasoni, tandurusti, kishovarzi va gayra.

Az rui alomati darajai navigari tekhnologiyahoi ba ikhtiroot asos yofta, asli (originali) baroi tashkilot va ba nau-khau asos yofta judo menamoyand.

Tekhnologiyahoro az rui dinamikai inkishof ba afzoishyobanda, inkishofyobanda, poydorshuda, pirshuda judo menamoyand.

Az rui doirai istifodabari namudhoi tekhnologiyahoi idorakuni (asosi, yorirason, khizatrason) va tekhnologiyahoi istehsoli (asosi, yorirason, khizmatrason) farq mekunad.

Az rui alomati tainot tekhnologiyahoi bunyodkunanda, vayronkunanda, dutainotaro judo manamoyand.

Oidi munosibat ba zakhiraho tekhnologiyahoi ilmgunjoish, sarmoyagunjoish va energogunjoish, tekhnologiyahoi energiyasarfkunanda, bepartov farq mekunand.

Az rui darajai avtomatikunoni tekhnologiyahoi dasti, mekhanikonidashuda, avtomatikonidashuda, avtomati, be ishtiroki bevositai odam judo meshavand.

Az rui alomati raqobatpaziri tekhnologiyahoi raqobatpazir (dar davlathoi alohida) va gayri raqobatpazir judo menamoyand.

Ba monandi ramzguzorii innovatsiyahotekhnologiyahoro niz ramzguzori kardan mumkin ast, ki on imkoniyat medihad ravandi idorakuni, bahisobgiri, mushakhasskuni va patentkunonii onho avtomati kunonida shavad.