Ibtidoi farzshavii ruza

CHarayoni nuzul va muqarrar gardidani akhkomi farizai ruza ba
tavri tadrijy surat giriftaast va on pas az guzashtani chand marhala
va yo tahavvuli zina ba zina bar musalmonon ba shakli nihoy muayyan
gardidaast.
Dar rivoyathoi ziyode omadaast, ki vaqte in oyat nozil shud, har ka-
se az giriftani ruza ehsosi mashaqqat va sakhty mekard, khoh pir bo-
shad, khoh chavon, iftor namuda, ba joi har ruzi on yak miskinro taom
medod. In amr dar ibtidoi farziyati ruza mashruiyat dosht. Vaqte oyati
bady nozil shud, hukmi on tanho dar haqqi piramardi ojiz va fony
(bemador) boqy monda, baroi digaron mansukh gardidaast. Dar Sahehi
Bukhory va Muslim az Ibni Umar (r), Ibni Masud (r) va Salama ib-
ni Akva (r) hadishoe ba hamin mano rivoyat shudaast. 
Dar rivoyati Bukhory az Salama ibni Akva (r) omadaast: Vakte
oyati «Va bar kasone, ki (ruzaro) bo mashaqqat megirand, ba andozai
taomi yak miskin fidya ast» nozil shud, kase mekhost iftor mekard va
fidya medod, to on ki oyati bady nozil shud va in khukmro bekor kard.
Bukhory dar tayidi in mano rivoyat mekunad, ki Anas vakte pir shud,
yak sol yo du sol ruzai mokhi Ramazonro iftor namuda, ba joi khar ruzi
on miskinero bo nonu gusht taom dod.
Dar rivoyati Suddy az Abdullokh omadaast: Vakte oyati «Va bar ka-
sone, ki bo sakhti ruza medorand, …» nozil shud, kase mekhost, ruza me-
dosht va kase mekhost, iftor mekard va (ba joi on) miskinero taom me-
dod. «Va kase beshtar khayr namoyad, yane bo taom dodani miskini diga-
re, on baroyash bekhtar ast va ruza doshtan baroyaton (az iftor) bekhtar
ast». Onkho bar in khol budand, to on ki oyati «Pas kase az shumo mokhro
shokhid gardad, ruzai onro bidorad» nozil shud va khukmi oyati kabliro
bekor kard.
Ammo Bukhory dar rivoyati digare az Ibni Abbos (r) ovardaast, ki
in oyat aslan dar borai mardu zani solraftae nozil shudaast, ki gi-
riftani ruza baroyashon ba sakhty muyassar megardad. Onkho iftor na-
muda, ba joi khar ruzi on yak miskinro taom medikhand. Binobar in, on
mansukh nagashtaast.
Ba khar khol, khukmi nikhoii Islom dar in bora on ast, ki javone, ki
az giriftani ruza ekhsosi mashakkat va sakhty menamoyad, agar bemor va
yo dar safar naboshad, boyad ruzaashro tamom (purra) namoyad, vale pi-
ramardi bemador metavonad bo takhammuli sakhty ruzaro bidorad va yo
iftor namuda, ba joi khar ruzi on yak miskinro taom dikhad.