Ruza dar partavi oyathoi Quron va bayonoti sunnat

Kuroni karim bo bayoni raso va iborahoi zeboe falsafa, hadafi
farz gardidan, mukhimtarin akhkom va chanbahoi gunoguni ruzai mokhi
Ramazonro bozgu namudaast. Pesh az hama, sobikai derinai tarikhi
doshtani in farizai ilokhi dar miyoni millathoi guzashta va hadafi
farz gardidani onro bar millatho dar tuli tarikhi bashariyat bayon
menamoyad. 
Ruza, chy tavre az jonibi Hudovand bar musalmonon farz gardo-
nida shudaast, bar ummatoni peshin niz farz va mukarrar shuda bud,
to musalmonon ba barakoti on ba tadrij rohi tako va khudsoziro dar
pesh girand. Ba vujud omadan va ustuvor gardidani poygohi tako va
iroda dar shakhsiyati inson muhimtarin hadafi in farizai ilohy me-
boshad. «Ey kasone, ki imon ovardaed, ruza, khamon guna ki bar ummato-
ni pesh az shumo farz gardonida shuda bud, bar shumo niz farz gardonida
shud, to shumo (az in rokh.) taqvo namoed».
CHy tavre dar in oyat mushohida meshavad, manzuri Islom az bar-
nomai ruzai mohi Ramazon, ki az khuddory az khurdanu nushidan va di-
gar amoli khilofi mukarraroti ruza iborat meboshad, ba gurusnagi-
vu tashnagy va dar zarfi yak moh ba zafu notavonii jismy kashidani
mardum nameboshad, balki Kuroni karim muhimtarin hadafi in
barnomaro tako va khudsozii inson elom namudaast. Ba in mano, ki
shakhsi ruzador bori digar tavonoihoi ruhy, nerui iroda va zarfiyat-
hoi insonii khudro dar zarfi yak moh tajdid namoyad va bo rukhiyoti to-
za va nerui nav ba emori zindagy bipardozad.
In oyat hamchunin vahdati dinhoi ilohy va yagonagii bashariyatro
dar usuli etikody va barnomahoi ibodaty az dergohi tarikh elon
menamoyad, ba in mano, ki dini Hudo, asli yaktoparasty va nizomi ibo-
datho hamzamon bo ofarinishi nasli inson sobiqai tarikhy doshta, ba-
shariyat az hamon oozi paydoish bo usuli etikodoti tavhidy va barno-
mai ibodatho faro girifta shudaast va dar in zamina tamomi qavmho
va khalkiyathoi gunogunro yak asl – dini Hudo bo ham mepayvandad.
Kuroni karim dar chandin mavrid elon menamoyad, ki asli tav-
hid va chahor rukni amalii binoi Islom: namoz, zakot, ruza va haj, ki
barnomai ibodathoro tashkil medihand, guzashtai tarikhy doshta,
bar ummatoni digare, ki pesh az zuhuri dini Islom ba sar burdaand,
niz farz gardida budand.
Ruza dar chand ruzi bashumor, ki hamon ayyomi mohi muboraki Ra-
mazon meboshand, farz meboshad. Agar kase az musalmononi doroi sha-
roiti giriftani ruza dar in moh bemor shavad va yo ba safar baroyad
va natavonad ba ruzai khud idoma dihad, pas sharan baroi u ijozat
ast, ki ruzaashro bikhurad va vakte tandurust va muqim gardid, bar vay
vojib ast, ki ba andozai ruzhoi khurdaash ba tavri kazo ruza bigirad.
«On chand ruzi bashumore meboshad. On gokh, kase az shumo (dar asnoi
mokhi Ramazon) bemor va yo dar safar boshad, (ruzaashro bikhurad va pas
az solim va mukim gashtan) ba khamon andoza az ruzkhoi digar (ruzai
kazoashro bigirad)».  
Albatta, dar in jo bemorie dar nazar ast, ki giriftani ruza on-
ro sakhttar va yo shifoashro ba takhir meandozad va manzur az safar
niz safari shary meboshad. In yake az sabukihoe meboshad, ki baroi
musalmonon dar giriftani ruzai mokhi Ramazon az jonibi shar dar
nazar girifta shudaast.
Odamone, ki dar natijai piry va notavonii jismy bo zakhmat va
sakhty ruza megirand, yane giriftani ruza baroyashon bisyor purma-
shaqqat va toqatfarso ast, sharan metavonand ruzai mokhi Ramazonro
iftor namoyand va ba joi har ruzi on ba andozai taomi yak miskin
fidya (pardokhti molie) dihand, yane yak benavoro taom dihand. «Va bar
kasone, ki onro bo zakhmat va sakhti medorand, fidya ast (ba andozai)
taomi yak miskin».
Vale agar onho bo ragbati khud beshtar khayr namoyand, in baroya-
shon bekhtar meboshad. YAne agar baroi har miskin az andozai muqar-
rarshuda beshtar taom dihand va yo ba joi yak miskin ba du miskin taom
dihand, boz baroyashon savobi ziyodtar dorad. «Va khar kase bo ragbati
khud (va tatavvuan) az on beshtar khayre namoyad, on baroyash bekhtar ast».
Bo hamin ruzai mokhi Ramazon az onho soqit megardad va qazoe
ham bar onho vojib nameboshad. In sabukii duyume meboshad, ki Hu-
dovand baroi musalmonon dar mokhi Ramazon dar nazar giriftaast.
Vale bo vuchudi in dar tamomi surathoi zikrshuda Hudovand girif-
tani ruzaro baroi onho, agar fazilat va savobi onro bidonand,
bekhtar guftaast. «Va ruza doshtan (dar suratkhoi zikrshuda), agar (savob
va mokhiyati onro) bidoned, baroyaton bekhtar ast».