VAZIYATI SIYOSI- ICHTIMOII AMORATI BUHORO DAR NIMAI AVVALI ASRI XIX

Bad az sari SHohmurod pisarash Haydar (1800-1826) ba takhti saltanati Bukhoro nishast. Muvofiki malumoti sarchashmaho, Haydar aksariyati vakti khudro ba mutoliai asarhoi fikh va munoshaho sarf mekard. u khudro «ulamoi zamon» pindosht, dar madrasai ark ba darsgui mashgul shud. Albatta mullobachahoro ba darsi «amiri donishmand» bo zarbai chub jam menamudand. (Semyonov A.A. K voprosu o proiskhojdenii i sostave uzbekov SHaybonikhana – Materiali po istorii tadjikov i uzbekov Sredney Azii «Sb. statey.» vip. 1.-Stalinabad, 1954.- S.3).
Amir Haydar Kuronro sar to po az yod karda boshad ham, hej goh, zohidi riyozatkash nabud. Az sad kanizi kharamsaroi khud yakero intikhob namuda, har moh hamsarashro ivaz mekard. Az jumla pirazanhoi kordida ba har gavu kanori mamlakat firistoda meshudand, to ki dukhtaroni sohibjamolro paydo karda, ba khidmati amir ovarand. (Gafurov B. Tojikon.-CH.p. -S. 94).
Dar jodai siyosati khoriji amir Haydar dar solhoi avvali saltanati khud ba baze komyobiho noil gardid. Ba Heva zarba zada, az in jonib khavfi hujum bartaraf karda shud. Muboriza bo khoni Quqand va hokimi SHahrisabz khele tuloni bud. Dar muboriza baroi Uroteppa galaba karda, CHizzakh va sargahi Zarafshon ba qalamravi Bukhoro hamroh karda shudand. Ba tarafi Hisor lashkar kashida, dar in jo padararusi khudro hokim tain kard.
Bo hamai in kushishho amir Haydar natavonist, ki hokimiyati khudro mustahkam namoyad. Ulamo va ashrof nisbat ba amir munosibati dushmanona doshtand. u siyosati padarashro dar rohi markazonidani davlat idoma doda natavonist. Lashkarkashihoi ziyod ba mukobili feodaloni isyonkor va hamsoyahoi khusumatparvar kharojoti davlatiro ziyod kardand. Harojoti khazina nisbat ba daromadi davlat du barobar ziyodtar shud. Norozigii tabaqakhoi gunoguni jamiyat toraft meafzud. SHurishi Hitoy – Qipchokkho
(solkhoi 1821-1825) dar vodii Mingol alomati ziyod shudani norozigii chamiyati bud.
Bad az vafoti amir Haydar pisarash Nasrullo (18261860) ba takhti amorati Bukhoro sokhib gardid. Nasrullo barodari khudro ba qatl rasonida ba takht nishast. Dar yak mokhi saltanatash ruze az 50 to 100 nafaro ba qatl merasonid. (Semenov A. A. K voprosu proiskhojdenie i sostave uzbekov.-S. 3).
Dar davrai amir Nasarullo bo maqsadi mustakhkam kardani hokimiyati davlati yak kator islohotho guzaronida shudand. SHakhsone, ki andake norozigni mekardand onhoro yo mekushtandvayo badarga mekardand. DarinboraN. K. Hanikov menavisad: Rakhmonberdi makhsumi turkman az tarafi amir ba mansabi Rais (muofii rasmu odat va ba tartib darovarandai nizomi tarozu) tain shuda bud, ki dar reshakan kardani feodalizmi Bukhoro yovari amir bud. u avomro bo zarbi chubu chazo va duovu ibodat machbur mekard, ki sipokhiyon yo tobe shavand yo gurekhta chon ba salomat barand. (Hanikov N.V. Opisanie Bukharskogo khanstva.- SPb.-S.231).
Islohoti sohai harbi dar mustakhkm namudani hokimiyati davlati va baland gashtann qobiliyati mudofiavii mamlakat sakhmi bosazo bozid.
Islohot soli 1837 guzaronida shud. To islohot kushun az du kism: nukarho, ki biduni mukhlat khizmat mekardand va karachirikdo-favchi gayri muntazam iborat bud.
Navkaron az hisobi khud yaroknok shuda, baroi khizmatashon az davlat muzdi puli va moli megiriftand. SHumorai onho kam bud. qarachirikdo dar vaqti zaruri az bayni aholi davat karda meshudand.
Bad az islohot lashkari doimi tashkil doda shud va kismhoi piyodagard ba vuchud omadand. Qismhoi harbii amorat purkuvvat gashtand. Libosi makhsusi nizomi chori karda shud. Sarbozoni amir kurtai surkh, shimmi safed va telpaki eroni mepushidand. Har yak sarboz miltiki nayzador, shamsher va taponcha dosht. Ba sifati mushoviron dar kushuni amir, asironi rus khizmat mekardand. Dar barobari in kismhoi tupchiyon niz dar amorat tashkil karda shudand.
Sarbozon bo oilahoyashon dar khonahoi makhsus (kazarmaho) zindagi mekardand. Mohe se sumi nukra az khazina maosh megiriftand. Savoragon dar khonahoi khud mezistand va dar vakti zaruri ba ikhtiyori lashkarboshi hozir meshudand. Soli 1856 amir Bukhoro 13 hazor sarboz dosht. (SHukurov S., Rahmatulloev A. Tarikhi khalki tochik.- S.192- 193); Tukhtametov T.T. Istoriya tadjikskogo naroda v pervoy polovine v XVIII (Uchebnoe posobie).- Dushanbe, 1991.- S.17- 20).
Amir Nasrullo kismhoi kaloni harbii muntazam amalkunandaro tashkil dod. Asosi kushunro asironi rus, forsho va gayra tashkil medodand. Mikdori sarbozon ba 800 nafar, kismhoi tupchiyn ba 150 nafar rasonida shud. Libosi makhsusi nizomi chori karda shud. Sarbozon bo tufangho va tupchiyon boshand bo taponchaho va shamsheri rusi musallah budand. Sarbozon dar khonahoi makhsus zindagi karda, hamesha omodai chang budand. Sarbozon va afsaron az davlat mohona megiriftand.