NIYATI RUZA

uza az chumlai mukhimtarin ibodatho ast va boyad bo niyati
anjomi farmoni Hudovandi mutaol ba jo ovarda shavad.
Amalhoi banda, ba khusus ibodatho, be niyat dar nazdi Hudo
pazirufta nameshavand. Payombar (s) mefarmoyad: «Amalho, be hes shak-
(iazirufta meshavanb؛va bar igibqiH
…».152 Niyat aslan hamon kasdu iroda va omodagii amalii inson ba-
roi anjomi kor meboshad, na ifodai on bo zabon.
Dar mokhi Ramazon niyati ruzai har ruzi on vojib ast, zero har
ruzi on ibodati mustakil ba shumor meravad va ba tavri umumi niyati
ruzai yak moh kifoya namekunad. Agar az avvali mokhi Ramazon niyati
ruzai tamomi mokhro namoyad, khub ast, vale on tanho baroi ruzi avval
durust megardad va boyad baroi ruzhoi digar az nav niyat namoyad.
Sahari khurdan dar mokhi Ramazon niyat ba shumor meravad.
SHart nest, ki niyati ruzaro bo zabon biguyad, balki hamin kadar
kasd kunad, ki baroi anjomi dasturi Hudovandi mutaol az damidani
subkh, to nishastani oftob kore, ki ruzaro fosid mekunad, anjom name-
dihad, kofi ast.
Niyati ruza du sharti digar niz dorad: a) shabona pesh az damidani
subh basta shavad, b) navi ruza dar on muayyan karda shavad. In du
shart dar ruzai mokhi muboraki Ramazon, ruzai nazri muayyan va ruzai
nafl az chumlai sharthoi sihati ruza donista nashudaand, balki shar-
ti kamol ba shumor meravand. Pas hamon guna ki shakhs metavonad dar
shab baroi fardoi on niyati ruza kunad, hamchunin pas az damidani
subkh, to pesh az zavol (nisfiruzi) agar chize nakhurda boshad, metavonad
niyati ruza namoyad.
Hamchunin dar ruzai mokhi muboraki Ramazon, ruzai nazri muayyan
va ruzai nafl shart nest, ki navi on dar niyat muayya sokhta shavad, ze-
ro on tabiatan muayyan meboshad.
Ammo dar ruzahoi kazo, nazri mutlak va kafforatho ba joy ovar-
dani har du shart ba vakti niyat vojib meboshad, binobar in, boyad har
shab baroi fardoi on niyat namoyad va navi ruzaro dar niyatash mua-
yyan sozad, masalan, dar ruzahoi kazo niyat kunad:
«Man qazoi falon ruzaro megiram».
Agar shakhse tamomi ruz az khurdanu nushidan va hambistari bozi-
stad, lekin niyati ruza nadoshta boshad, ruzador ba shumor nameravad.
Zero niyat, ki sharti durust gardidani amol ast, dar in holat tahaq-
kuk nayoftaast.
152 Sahehi Bukhori, 1, 54. Sahehi Muslim, 4904 (1907)-156. Sunani Abudovud, 2201.
Sunani Tirmizy, 1647. Sunani Nasoy, 75. Sunani Ibni Mocha, 4227. 
Farz don chumla ruzaro niyat,
To biyoby zi ruza amniyat.
Niyati ruza gar ado nabuvad,
Dar kazo chuz ba shab ravo nabuvad.
Lek mar vaktivu navofilro,
To ba pesh az zavol hast ravo.
Hamchunin gar khalal talab nakuny,
Niyati ruza chuz ba shab nakuny!.
Davomnokii niyat niz baroi durust gardidani ruza shart ast, agar
shabona niyati ruza kunad va pesh az damidani subh az niyatash bargar-
dad, ruchuash saheh ast va ruzador ba shumor nameravad. Ammo agar ru-
zona pas az damidani subh az niyatash bargardad va yo niyati iftor na-
moyad, niyati ruzaash botil nameshavad va to amalan onro bo khurdan,
nushidan va yo amali khilofi digare fosid nasozad, ruzaash hamchunon
boki va durust ast. Niyat to vakte ba amal napayvasta boshad, imkoni
tagiri on vuchud dorad, vale vakte ba amal payvast, tagyiri niyat dar
on zohiran tasire nadorad, zero amalhoi ibodaty tanho bo ikdomi
amaly botil meshavand.
Kase nazr namoyad, ki agar falon koram durust shavad, baroi Hudo
du ruz ruza megiram, bad az on korash anchom girift va dar mohi Ra-
mazon ba unvoni vafoi ba nazr niyati ruzai nazry namud, ruzai Rama-
zon ado meyobad, na on chi niyat kardaast.