MUBORIZAI HALSI TOJIK BAR ZIDDI MUTLASIYATI ROSSIYA VA AMORATI BUHORO

Siyosati mustamlikavii khukumati podshokhi va amorati Bukhoro ziddiyati ichtimoiro tezu tund gardonda, norozigii aholii mustamlikaro ba shurishi oshkoro barkhezond. Oshubhoi khalki bazan kismi kaloni aholiro ba khud kashida, kharakteri ommaviro megiriftand. Quvahoi harakatdihandai in shurishho asosan dekhdononi choryakkor, mardikoron, khunarmandon va kambaalon budand. Dar barobari tochikon dar oshubhoi khalqi mekhnatkashoni uzbek, kiri va turkman niz faolona ishtirok doshtand.
Soli 1870 du hazor nafar dekhdonon baroi sitondani mikdori ziyodi khiroch, va zakot ba shur omada, kalai Balchuvonro muhosira kardand. Beki Balchuvon
Abdukarimbek, ki sababgori shurish shuda bud, az gazabi khalq tarsida ba Hisor gurekht. Oshub kharakteri nomuttashakilona dosht. Dekhdonon kalaro girifta, molu mulki onro bayni khud taqsim karda, hamono khona ba khona parokanda shudand. Az in istifoda burda, oshubro dastai askaroni hokimi Hisor YAkub – Kushbegi pakhsh kardand. CHand tan az ishtirokchiyoni shurish ba dor kashida shudand.
Qisme az onho ba Darvoz gurekhtand. Abdukarim ba Balchuvon bargashta, ba tariki peshtara mardumro orat mekard.
Mokhi dekabri soli 1874 az sababi khudsarii andozchamkunandagon dar Balchuvon oshubi digar sar zad. Mardumro fireb dodand, ki ba amir arzu shikoyat karda, ba chavobi on muntazir shavand. Dar in lahza sardori dastai kushuni Bukhoro 7- nafar sardoroni shurishro dastgir karda, ba zindon partoft va shurishro pakhsh namud.
Soli 1872 dar Huchand bar ziddi siyosati andozgirii khukumati podshokhi va zulmu hokimoni mahali shurishi khalki ba amal omad. 15-umi apreli soli 1873 dar Huchand shurishi digar ba amal omad, ki andozho kam karda, sharoiti mekhnat bekhtar karda shavad. SHurishro dastai harbi pakhsh karda, bisyor ishtirokchiyoni on ba Sibir badara karda shudand.
Soli 1873 dar Pashi nom dehai Uroteppa va soli 1875 az nav dar Uroteppa oshubho ba amal omada budand.
Dar solhoi 1885-1886 shurishhoi kaloni khalki karib tamomi mahallhoi tochiknishinro faro girift. Dekhdononi Muminobod, SHurobod, Kulob, Balchon va Hisor ba shurish barkhestand. Dar Hisor dekhkonon baroi zamin va ob muboriza meburdand, ki ba on hamroh gardidand. Dar natichai muborizai duru daroz sokhiboni dukonho machbur shudand, ki talabothoi oshubgaronro ichro kunand.
Kalontarin baromadi khalki dar Bukhoroi SHarki ba mukobili zulmi amiri shurishi soli 1888 bud. Dar borai sanai shurish dar bayni tarikhchiyon solhoi tuloni akidai yagona nabud. Aksariyati muarrikhon sarshavii shurishro soli 1885 (az jumla in sanaro tarikhnigoroni mashhur B.Gafurov va B.Iskandarov) khisob mekardand. Lekin tadkiqothoi minbada nishon dod, ki shurish soli 1888 rukh doda bud. (Pirumshoev H.P. Tarikhi omuzishi shurishi Vose. – Dushanbe, 1992.-S.57-68).
Dar bekigarii Kulobu Balchuvon chandinsol khushksoli ba amal omad. Soli 1888 (to in davra soli 1885 – nishon doda meshud) soli serhosil omad. Amaldoron mekhostand, ki az dekhdonon andozhoi barziyod girifta, ba in vosita choi solhoi kamhosilro pur kunand. In bahonai shurish gardid.
SHurish dar amlokdorii Hovaling sar shuda, Balchuvon, Sarikhosor, Kulob va digar nohiyahoro faro girift.
Peshvoi shurishi dekhdononi Hovalingi Abdulvose bud. SHurish ba mukobili siyosati amir va amaldoroni mahali ravona karda shud.
Dekhdonon talabi amaldoronro dar borai adoi andozi chandsola rad kardand, dar naticha dar miyoni devdonon va andozchamkunandagon zadukhurd ba vuchud omad. Dekhdononi bashuromada zakotgirro kushtand, khonai amaldori Hovalingro kharob karda, ba sui qalai Beki Balchuvon harakat kardand. Onho kushish mekardand, ki masalaro ba tarzi guftugu hal kunand. Bek ba nazdi chamomadagon mullohoro firistoda, maqsad dosht, ki devdononro parokanda namoyad.
Dar in muddat bek askaronashro bar ziddi dekhdonon omoda mekard. SHurishgaron ba askaroni bek shikast doda, qalai Balchuvonro ba dast darovardand. Bek ba Kangurt gurekht.
SHurishgaron baroi pakhn kardani shurish chorae nadida, badi ba dast darovardani in qala muvaffakiyati khudro vusat nadodand. Dar naticha baze az shurishgaron lageri shurishro tark kardand.
Bekhoi Kulob, Hisor va Qarotegin ba yorii beki Balchuvon omada, bo kuvvahoi harbii khud kalai Balchuvonro az dasti Vose giriftand. Vose tarafi Kangurt akib nishasta ba kuvvai nav sui Balchuvon harakat karda, kalaro az nav ba dast darovard. Vale yorii navbatii bekhoi hamsoya takdiri shurishro hal namud.
Vose shikast khurda, khost, ki ba tarafi Hovaling akib nishasta, kuvvahoi khudro muttahid namoyad. Ammo in ba u muyassar nashud. SHurish az tarafi kuvvahoi yakachini amir shikast doda shud. Vose va yordamchiyonash asir aftodand. Dar yak ruz 40 nafar shurishchiyon ba dor kashida shudand. Vosero chand ruz dar mahbas doshta, soli 1888 dar SHahrisabz ba katl rasonidand.
Az sababi nomuttashakilii shurishgaron oshubi onho muvaffakiyat paydo karda natavonistand. Bo vuchudi on tahkursii zulm va asoshoi feodalii amorat to raft sust megasht. Mehnatkashon dar muborizaho obutob yofta, to raft muttahid megardidand.
Dar nimai duyumi asri XIX dar katori shurishi dehqonon va mardikoroni khochagii qishloq avvalin baromadhoi korgaron, (ki barobari sokhtmoni korkhonahoi nakhustin tashakkul yofta budand), ba amal omad. Avvalin baromadhoi korgaron hanuz dar davrai sokhtmoni rohi ohan mushohida shuda budand.
Korgaron dar sokhtmoni rohi ohan, konho va korkhonahoi sanoati dar sharoiti nihoyat bad mehnat mekardand. Ba ivazi mehnati 16-18 soata ba korgaron muzdi nochiz doda meshud az korgaron charimahoi ziyod sitonda meshud. YAke az korpartoii kalontarinu avvalini korgaron soli 1885 dar koni angishti Kishtuti volosti Panchakent ba amal omada bud. Korpartoftagon sardor va nazoratchiyonro kufta, ba nazdi hokimi Panchakent rahsipor gardidand. Dar roh otryadi askaron onhoro parokanda kardand. Se nafar korgaron ba habs girifta shuda arzu shikoyati onho be naticha mond.
Korpartoi va baromadhoi korgaron, ba monandi shuru oshubhoi dehqonon hanuz stikhiyavi va parokanda budand.
Baromadho ba muqobili siyosati mustamlikavii hukumati podshokhi va laganbardoroni onho ravona karda shuda budand, ki dar muttashakilgardii baromadhoi oyandai mehnatkashon ahamiyati kalon doshtand.